Safety Rules

参见 _shared/core/safety-rules.md — 所有安全规则从共享层加载，避免跨技能重复维护。

Patent Writer

Patent writing assistant for Chinese patent applications with comprehensive search, disclosure, and filing guidance.

Quick Commands

Patent Process Overview

Creation Phase (3-16 weeks)

• Week 1-4: Patent search & analysis
• Week 2-8: Write disclosure document
• Week 3-12: Agent drafts patent application
• Week 4-16: Review & revise

Examination Phase (11-38 months)

• <1 week: Application & acceptance
• 3-18 months: Preliminary review & publication
• 6-18 months: Substantive examination
• 2 months: Patent grant

Total timeline: 11-38 months

Patent Search Methodology

Search Strategy

1. Define Search Scope: Identify key technical terms, define technical field, list competitors, determine time range (usually last 20 years)
2. Choose Search Platforms: CNIPA (Chinese patents), Shanghai IP (Chinese), Google Patents (Global), USPTO (US), EPO Espacenet (European)
3. Construct Search Queries: Use Boolean operators (keyword1 OR keyword2) AND (keyword3 OR keyword4), classification codes (CPC/IPC), assignee filters, date ranges
4. Filter and Analyze: Remove irrelevant results, categorize by relevance, identify closest prior art, document key findings

Three-Property Check

• Novelty: Is the invention new? Has it been disclosed anywhere before?
• Inventiveness: Is it non-obvious? Would a skilled person easily derive it?
• Utility: Can it be manufactured? Does it solve a technical problem?

Blocking Risk Assessment

• HIGH: Prior art covers key features, recommend abandoning or significantly modifying
• MEDIUM: Some overlap with prior art, possible design-around options
• LOW: Minimal overlap with prior art, proceed with filing

Disclosure Document Structure

Standard Template

1. 发明名称 (Title): [Concise, accurate reflection of technical solution]
2. 技术领域 (Technical Field): [Field of invention]
3. 背景技术 (Background Art): [Existing technology and its shortcomings]
4. 发明内容 (Invention Content):
   - 发明目的 (Purpose): [Problem to be solved]
   - 技术方案 (Technical Solution): [Detailed description of solution]
   - 有益效果 (Beneficial Effects): [Advantages over prior art]
5. 附图说明 (Drawing Description): [Brief description of figures]
6. 具体实施方式 (Detailed Description): [Specific implementation methods]
7. 权利要求概要 (Claims Outline): [Main claim points]
8. 关键词 (Keywords): [3-5 keywords]

Writing Guidelines

• Title: Concise, accurate, specify method/system/device appropriately
• Technical Field: Start broad, narrow down to specific problem
• Background: Identify gap in current solutions, be specific about problems
• Summary: Three parts - purpose, solution with essential features, benefits with concrete improvements
• Detailed Description: Include references to drawings, step-by-step procedures, multiple embodiments with alternatives
• Claims: Independent claims with essential features, dependent claims for alternatives

Key Principles

When to Start Writing?

The optimal timing for patent filing is during project research when you can conduct patent search alongside research. File before implementation since patent protects ideas, not implementation. Most importantly, file before any public announcement since public disclosure before filing destroys novelty.

Critical Timing Rules

1. File Before Announcement: Public disclosure before filing destroys novelty
2. Don't Wait for Implementation: File early in research, not after full implementation
3. File Early in Research: Consider filing at research milestones to secure broader scope

Patent Three Properties (专利三性)

The three properties that define a patentable invention are:

• Novelty (新颖性): Not publicly disclosed before filing
• Inventiveness (创造性): Non-obvious to a skilled person
• Utility (实用性): Can be made and used

Patent Search Platforms

Official Platform (国知局)

• URL: https://pss-system.cponline.cnipa.gov.cn/conventionalSearch
• Requires: ID card registration

Shanghai IP Platform (上海知产平台)

• URL: https://www.shanghaiip.cn/search/#/home
• No login required

International Platforms

• Google Patents: Global patent search
• USPTO: US patent database
• EPO Espacenet: European patent database

Deliverables

1. Patent Disclosure Document (专利交底书)

The disclosure document is written by the inventor for the patent attorney. Key sections include title of invention, technical field, background art, summary of invention, detailed description, claims outline, drawings, and complete implementation examples.

2. Self-Search Report (自检索报告)

The self-search report checks if the patent has blocking risks. Its purpose is to clarify patent writing ideas, help the agent understand patent novelty, and improve the approval rate.

Writing Best Practices

Core Principles

1. Clarity Over Complexity: Use simple, direct language instead of technical jargon
2. Specificity Over Generality: Provide concrete parameters, ranges, and examples
3. Completeness Over Brevity: Include sufficient detail for a skilled person to reproduce

Section-by-Section Tips

• Title: Specific, complete, concise (10-25 characters), avoid marketing language
• Background: Start broad, narrow down, identify actual problems, avoid being too long
• Summary: Three-part structure (purpose-solution-benefits), be specific about improvements
• Detailed Description: Reference drawings, step-by-step, multiple embodiments, working examples, alternatives

Drawing Guidelines

• Flowcharts: For methods and processes, use standard symbols, number each step
• Block Diagrams: For systems, show connections, label each module
• Structural Diagrams: For devices, show physical components, include dimensions if relevant

Filing Strategy

Provisional vs. Non-provisional

• Provisional: Quick filing, 12-month priority, not examined, expires if not converted
• Non-provisional: Full examination, can mature to patent, higher cost, longer timeline

Priority Claims

Within 12 months of first filing, you can claim priority to earlier applications and file in multiple countries. After 12 months, you cannot claim priority and may lose novelty if disclosed.

Quality Assurance

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Insufficient Disclosure: Don't use "conventional methods", provide specific details
2. Missing Alternatives: Always provide multiple implementation approaches
3. Inconsistent Terminology: Use same terms consistently throughout
4. Ambiguous Language: Avoid "approximately", "etc.", subjective statements
5. Too Narrow/Narrow: Balance scope breadth with supportable claims

Quality Checklist

• Background covers relevant prior art
• Problem clearly identified
• Solution fully described with specifics
• Advantages specific and convincing
• Multiple embodiments provided
• Drawings clear and complete
• Claims supported by description
• No undefined or inconsistent terms
• Clear, concise, and technically accurate

Troubleshooting

Search returns too many irrelevant results

• Symptom: /patent search returns broad results unrelated to the invention
• Fix: Narrow search with IPC classification codes; use /patent search <keywords> --class <IPC> to filter by technical field; add boolean operators (AND, NOT) in quotes

Disclosure document rejected by patent agent

• Symptom: Patent agent returns disclosure for insufficient technical detail
• Fix: Use /patent disclosure <invention> --detailed for full technical specification; include best mode and alternative embodiments; add comparative data showing advantages over prior art

Novelty search inconclusive

• Symptom: Can't determine if invention is novel from search results alone
• Fix: Use /patent report <invention> --depth full for comprehensive analysis; cross-search both patent databases and academic literature; consult patent classification definitions

Filing timeline pressure

• Symptom: Invention already disclosed publicly, 12-month grace period running out
• Fix: Use /patent strategy --urgent for accelerated workflow; prioritize provisional application filing; flag all prior public disclosures with dates

Edge Cases

• Software patents: Chinese patent law requires hardware + software combination; pure software methods may need different strategy — flag with /patent strategy --software
• Design patents: Design patent (外观设计) has different requirements than utility model (实用新型) or invention (发明专利) — use /patent workflow --type design for correct forms
• Co-inventors from different organizations: Ownership and filing rights need explicit assignment agreements before filing
• Patent family strategy: PCT vs Paris Convention routes — use /patent strategy --international for multi-country filing analysis
• Pre-existing publications: If the inventor published a paper before filing, check novelty grace period (6 months in China for certain exhibitions/conferences)
• Employee invention: If invention was made within scope of employment, employer typically owns rights unless contract states otherwise

Usage Examples

Patent Search

/patent search "wireless charging alignment mechanism" --class H02J
/patent search "transformer attention pruning" --sources cnipa,uspto,epo

Disclosure Document

/patent disclosure "A method for adaptive beamforming in 5G MIMO systems using reinforcement learning"
/patent report "blockchain-based supply chain traceability" --depth full

Strategy & Workflow

/patent strategy --international --type invention
/patent workflow --urgent --provisional
/patent check --scope claims,draftsmanship

AIGC-Aware Output

Patent documents face AIGC scrutiny from patent examiners. Every generated text must comply with anti-AIGC rules to ensure natural, professional writing that avoids detectable AI patterns. See rules/anti-aigc.md for complete detection rules and counter-strategies.

Key requirements:

• No "本发明的目的在于..." template openings; state the specific technical problem directly
• Replace "综上所述，具有以下有益效果" with specific technical improvement data
• Every parameter range must include experimental basis, not just arbitrary boundaries
• Background art must reference specific patent numbers, not vague "近年来得到了广泛关注"
• Claims must break mechanical parallel structure; each claim should address a distinct technical dimension

Version History

Rules

• rules/patent-search.md - Patent search methodology with analysis framework
• rules/disclosure-document.md - Complete disclosure document structure and examples
• rules/patent-workflow.md - Full patent workflow with timeline and milestones
• rules/writing-tips.md - Writing best practices with quality checklist
• rules/anti-aigc.md - 专利文书反AIGC检测规则

Reference Standards

• Patent Law of the People's Republic of China
• Implementing Regulations of the Patent Law
• GB/T 7713-1987 Scientific and Technical Reports, Theses and Academic Papers

Best Practices Summary

1. Start Early: File before public disclosure, begin during research phase
2. Search Thoroughly: Use multiple platforms, construct comprehensive queries
3. Write Clearly: Help agent understand your technical innovation with specifics
4. Plan Strategically: Consider filing timeline, priority claims, and scope breadth
5. Iterate with Agent: Review and refine together for optimal results

See Also

• /paper from academic-writer — Literature search for prior art and novelty assessment
• /人话 from humanizer — Humanize patent descriptions for broader readability