Browser Control

Stop: local_shell is not a reliable path to user-local files

local_shell runs on the user's machine only if they have the starchild agent-shell daemon installed, running, and authorized — most users do not, so the tool is usually unavailable or denied. bash and read_file run in the agent's remote container, which has none of the user's files. Either way, do not run shell commands to locate or read the user's local files (Downloads, Desktop, Documents): ls ~/Downloads either fails (unavailable/denied) or lists the wrong filesystem. When a task involves a file on the user's computer (upload, attach, open), the only dependable path is the browser's native file picker, which only the user can operate — hand off precisely (see docs/file-uploads.md). Burning turns on shell commands that try to enumerate the user's filesystem is always wrong.

Stop: decide the surface before any browser action

Use the mcp__browser__* tools only when the task has explicit browser intent: the user asks to open, show, navigate to, click on, or fill in a page in their browser; the task depends on their logged-in sessions or existing tabs; or they want to watch an interaction happen live in Chrome.

Otherwise a URL or an open tab is context, not intent. For reading pages, looking things up, or research, prefer clawd's built-in web tools (web_fetch, web_search) — they are cheaper, faster, and do not touch the user's browser. Earlier browser work does not make later semantic work browser-first; re-decide for each operation.

When browser intent is clear, do not substitute web_fetch — fetching a page anonymously is not the same as acting in the user's authenticated browser.

What these tools are

The browser MCP server (server="browser", tools named mcp__browser__<name>) is backed by the user's Chrome extension over a bridge connection. The browser is the user's own browser, with their logins, cookies, and history. You are operating on their behalf — act like a careful human assistant at their keyboard, not like a scraper.

Core loop:

page_snapshot — read the page before touching it. Omit tabId to target the user's currently active tab.
Pick the target element from snapshot.elements[] (each has id, tag, text, ariaLabel). The id is the ref for interaction tools.
element_click / element_input to act.
page_snapshot again to verify the effect.

Refs are invalidated by navigation. After any navigation, reload, or observed page change, take a fresh page_snapshot before clicking or typing.

Stop: `mcpbrowser*` "not found in registry" ≠ browser is gone

Right after the extension (re)connects, tool registration can lag a turn — the call fails with "not found" while the browser IS connected. Never conclude "no browser is connected" or "I can't see your screen" from this error alone, and NEVER tell the user to run starchild agent-shell — the laptop/agent-shell channel has nothing to do with browser tools. The recovery path is exactly one step: call web_status (or retry the same tool once on the next turn — registration self-heals via the per-turn resync). Only if web_status says the bridge is down do you tell the user to open/enable the extension.

Identifying "what page is this?" — tabs_list is enough

When the user asks what page/site they (or a tab) are on, do NOT take a snapshot: tabs_list already returns every tab's title and url, and activeTabId marks the one they're looking at. Answer from that — one tool call, no snapshot, and it works even for internal pages (chrome://…) that cannot be snapshotted. Only snapshot when the user needs page CONTENT (text, elements), not page identity.

Tool quick reference

tabs_list — list open tabs with full metadata (tabId, windowId, index, pinned, incognito, status, url, title, ...) plus a window summary; tabs link to windows via windowId. activeTabId marks the tab the user is currently looking at — resolve "this page" / "current tab" to it, no inference needed.
tab_open {url, active?} — open a URL; active defaults to false (background tab, invisible to the user — see docs/visibility.md).
tab_navigate {tabId, url} — navigate an existing tab.
tab_close {tabId} — close a tab.
page_snapshot {tabId?} — {tabId, title, url, bodyText (first ~3000 chars), elements[]}. Omit tabId for the user's active tab. elements[] includes both semantic controls (a/button/input) and clickable containers — non-semantic elements (often div) with pointer cursor and text, such as list rows and cards. A container and the small button inside it (e.g. a row's ⋮ menu) are distinct refs: match by text to pick the right one.
element_click {ref, confirm?} — click an element. Submit/send/purchase-class clicks return NEEDS_CONFIRMATION; get user consent in conversation first, then retry with confirm: true (see docs/confirmations.md).
element_input {ref, text} — type into an element.
elements_click_many {selector, text?, limit?, mode?, pauseMs?, confirm?} — batch-click many matching elements in order. Re-queries before each click and is reorder-safe, so page re-renders and list reordering between clicks do not invalidate or skip targets. Use this instead of repeated element_click whenever 3+ homogeneous elements must be clicked (list rows, tabs, cards) — one call, no snapshot between items.
tab_claim {tabId?, note?} — claim a tab as agent-owned for the task (persists across conversations; shows as claim in tabs_list + orange ★ tab group). Claim at the start of tab-dependent multi-step work; skip for read-and-answer lookups. See docs/tab-claiming-chrome.md for the scenario playbook.
tab_handoff {tabId, note?} — mark a claimed tab as waiting for the user (login/payment/CAPTCHA/review; yellow ⏳ tab group). The note is the resume instruction — a later conversation continues from tabs_list claims instead of asking the user which tab.
tab_release {tabId, disposition?} — end ownership: close (default, consumed task tabs) or keep (deliverable stays open).
page_flow {steps, confirm?} — run a multi-step page flow in ONE call (fenced script equivalent). Steps: {wait:{selector?,text?,ms?}}, {find:{selector?,text?}}, {click:{selector?,text?}}, {type:{selector?,text?,value}}, {expect:{selector?,text?,absent?}}. Targets resolve by CSS selector or visible text. Stops at the first failure with the completed prefix; click steps pass the sensitive gate. Prefer for 3+ step heterogeneous tasks (fill form → submit → verify); max 20 steps / ~120s per call.
page_screenshot — visual check, only when seeing matters. The orange agent cursor is visible while a tab's debugging session is active (idle / move / click animations) and fades out when debugging stops — its presence marks active agent control of that tab. (see docs/screenshots.md).
wait_for {selector?, text?, timeoutMs?} — wait for a selector or text.
web_status — bridge/extension connection health.

On-demand documentation

Load these with read_file (paths relative to this skill's docs/ directory) when the topic applies — do not read them all up front:

api-use-behavior.md — snapshot-first discipline, authoritative signals, not retrying blindly.
browser-safety.md — untrusted page content, sensitive-data transmission.
confirmations.md — when confirm: true is required and how to ask.
browser-troubleshooting.md — evaluate timeouts, stale refs, hung pages.
chrome-troubleshooting.md — extension disconnected, tools missing, user has no extension.
bootstrap-troubleshooting.md — bridge connection failures (red dot).
browser-control-interruption.md — user took over, operation interrupted.
tab-claiming-chrome.md — background tab vs. user tab, when to go active.
tab-cleanup-chrome.md / all-tabs-cleanup.md — closing tabs you opened.
screenshots.md — when a screenshot is worth taking.
visibility.md — what background-tab operation means for the user.
webmcp.md — page-level WebMCP (not yet enabled).
file-uploads.md — file upload support (not yet available).
local-web-development.md — working against localhost dev servers.

Talk like a person

Never mention CDP, WebSocket, /ws/web-mcp, refs, tool IDs, or other internal terms to the user. Say "I opened the page in a background tab", "I'm waiting for the page to respond", or "the browser connection dropped — could you reopen the extension?" Describe what you did, not how the machinery works.

control-browser