Unity Addressables

Why Addressables (vs Resources / direct refs)

• Resources/ includes everything in build → forces every asset in memory.
• Direct prefab references → load immediately with the scene.
• Addressables: lazy, async, remote-capable, content-update-friendly.

AssetReference

public class EnemySpawner : MonoBehaviour {
    [SerializeField] private AssetReferenceGameObject enemyPrefab;
    [SerializeField] private Transform spawnPoint;

    public async void Spawn() {
        AsyncOperationHandle<GameObject> handle =
            enemyPrefab.InstantiateAsync(spawnPoint.position, Quaternion.identity);
        var enemy = await handle.Task;
        // listen for destroy → release
        enemy.GetComponent<Enemy>().Killed += () => Addressables.ReleaseInstance(enemy);
    }
}

InstantiateAsync reference-counts; release with ReleaseInstance to free memory.

Loading by label

var handle = Addressables.LoadAssetsAsync<AudioClip>("music", null);
var clips = await handle.Task;        // all assets with label 'music'
// later
Addressables.Release(handle);

Build profiles

• Development — local groups, fast iteration.
• Release — remote groups (CDN URL), packed bundles.

Set in Window > Asset Management > Addressables > Profiles. CI builds invoke Addressables.BuildPlayerContent() or AddressablesPlayerBuildResult.

Content updates (without rebuilding the player)

1. Mark a group as Content Update Restriction = Can Change Post Release.
2. Build content → produces addressables_content_state.bin (commit).
3. Later, Build > Update a Previous Build → produces incremental bundles → upload to CDN. Player downloads the new catalog on launch.

Cloud Content Delivery (Unity Gaming Services)

• Bucket per environment (dev/staging/prod).
• Badge tags ("release-1.2") to pin clients to specific releases.
• Authentication via UGS for entitled content.

Anti-patterns

Production checklist

• No Resources/ folders left in production code paths
• Groups split by load pattern
• Labels used for batch loads (music, vfx-rare, boss-only)
• CDN URL profile-driven, not hardcoded
• addressables_content_state.bin checked into git
• CI builds Addressables before player build
• Memory profiler shows expected residency after scene load